Saturday, January 9, 2021

PRAGUE, RIVER VLTAVA AND THE DANCING HOUSE

                                                                             

                                                    ( The Dancing House )
                                                           

                                                           ( The Dancing House )
                                                 

                                                 ( The Dancing House at night  )
                                                     ( the Dome of the Dancing House )
                                                           ( Prague and the Vltava river )
                                                         ( Prague )
                                               ( A view from the top )

PRAGUE AND THE DANCING HOUSE……. 
 
 
Prague , the capital Czech republic is a historic city . A beautiful city that has many baroque buildings and Gothic churches on either sides of the river Vltava . Like Jhelum , Vltava divides the city into two parts as it moves through Prague .From the Communist coup d'état in February 1948 to the ‘Velvet Revolution’ in 1989, Czechoslovakia was ruled by the Communists . The country belonged to the Eastern Bloc and was a member of the Warsaw Pact and of Comecon ( headquartered at Moscow ) . In what is now known as the “Velvet divorce” ,on January 1, 1993, Czechoslovakia split into two independent states, the Czech Republic and Slovakia .
The Vltava River is the waterway around which the city has developed over the past 1000 years. In Prague alone, Vltava is spanned by over thirty bridges and footbridges. Its water gently laps the edges of ten islands. Everyday , one can see dozens of steamers, rowboats and pedal boats glide through its waters. The river is the soul Prague . At 434km in length, it is the longest river in the Czech Republic.
 
Prague is a city of old bridges ,Baroque statues, museums , beer bars , cafes , restaurants , art galleries , river cruises, parks , old castles and happy crowds. In Prague alone , there are more than fifteen art galleries apart from several museums . Frenz Kafka ( writer and philosopher ) , Jaroslav Seifert ( Nobel laureate poet ), Karel Capek ( famous writer ), Bertha von Suttner ( Nobel laureate novelist ), Gerty Theresa Cori ( Nobel laureate medicine ), Jaroslav Heyrovsky( Nobel laureate chemistry ) ,and Alphonse Mucha ( famous artist ) were all from Prague . And then Martina Navratilova ( tennis player ), Madeline Albright ( Politician in the US ) . Rainer Maria Rike ( poet and novelist ) and Jan Hammer ( the great musician ) belong to Prague. Sigmund Freud was born in Prbor just four hours drive from Prague . The well known film director Milos Forman was a Czech from Caslav just one hour’s drive from Prague. And our Hindi writer Nirmal Verma lived in Prague for more than 10 years. He was invited by Oriental Institute to initiate a program of translation of modern Czech writers like Karel Capek, Milan Kundera, and Bohumil Hrabal, to Hindi. Presently Prague has about 500 Indians who are in business or jobs . Some of them have settled permanently.
                                      
                            ( Nirmal Verma)
Written as CZK, Czech Koruna is the currency of the Czech republic. On the conversion scale , one Czech Koruna is equivalent to about 3.50 Indian rupees .Euro may not be accepted at all places although Czech republic is a memeber of the European Union. Like at every tourist place , one needs to be careful at crowded night life area known as Wenceslas Square where some incidents of pickpocketing have been regularly reported . This area is full of strip clubs where some women go after the tourists groups and ask for a hug . Many innocent tourists have been pickpocketed during these hugs . Prague is otherwise safe and crime free.
 
The Czech people read a lot. They appreciate art and music. Even a cab driver or an apartment security guard can be seen reading a book if he has nothing to do. Talk to them and you find that they know who is who in music , performing arts and literatue.That makes a great society .
 
On the corner of Resslova Street and Rasinovo nabrezi, about a hundred metres downriver from the National Theatre, stands the best known - and the most controversial - modern building in Prague, the Tancici Dum, or Dancing Building. Featuring two curved towers "waltzing", it is also occasionally referred to as the Fred and Ginger Building. The location is a walking distance from the underground station Karlovo namesti.
 
The Dancing Building is the work of two men: Prague-based architect Vlado Milunic, who had the original idea for the building, and the celebrated American architect Frank Gehry, perhaps best-known for the stunning Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Milunic first conceived of the project back in the mid-1980s, in the company of his neighbour, the then-dissident Vaclav Havel. Both men lived beside where the Dancing Building now stands. Milunic writes this :-
 
"First we asked Jean Nouvel, but he refused, because he said we only had 500 square metres and that's not enough for two architects. We contacted Frank Gehry, and when Frank saw my beginning, my sketches, he promised to collaborate with me on this project. From that time, the first meeting was in '92 in Geneva, to the finish of the building in '96 we made a nice building with Dutch money."
 
At the site of the Dancing House, an old building existed that was bombed in second world war . The debris was finally removed in 1960. The neighboring house (with a small globe on the roof) was co-owned by Czech ex-president Vaclav Havel, who lived there from his childhood until the mid-1990s. He ordered the first architectural study from Vlado Milunic (who has been involved in re-building Havel's appartment in the neighboring house). Afterwards the Dutch bank ING agreed to build a house there, and asked Milunic to invite a world-renowned architect. Milunic first asked Jean Nouvel, who rejected the invitation because of the small size of the site (491 square meters); he then asked Frank Gehry, who and he accepted the challenge. Gehry had an almost unlimited budget, because ING wanted to create an icon in Prague. The construction started in 1994 and the house was finished in 1996.
 
The building is an example of deconstructivist architecture, with an unusual shape. It reflects a woman and man (Ginger Rogers and Fred Astair) dancing together. Construction is from 99 concrete panels each of different shape and dimension, each therefore requiring a unique wooden form. The external fixed frames look like windows . The external view gives a 3D effect to the viewer.
 
Its unusual shape and technical solutions caused a big public debate. After ten years emotions are over, and the house has its place in modern Prague. In 2005 the Czech National Bank issued a gold coin with the motif of the Dancing House, as the final coin of the series "10 Centuries of Architecture."
 
The Dancing House is used by offices , shopkeepers , hotels and restaurants . La Perle de Prague, a well known restaurant is located on 7th floor gives a grand view with of Prague and river Vitava with some landmark buildigs . To have this view , you need to enter the restaurant and buy something .There is an art gallery also in the Dancing House . The restaurant on the rooftop is also an ideal spot to sit and relax. Everyday , this place is thronged by tourists from all over the world who go up the Dancing House to have a majestic view of river Vltava and the historic city of Prague .
 
If ever you decide visit Prague then learn these words to recieve hospitality and smiles from people :-
 
Vyborne ........Great
Velmi dobre..... Very Good
Diky za skvely pokec... It was really nice talking to you.
Dekuju...Thank you
Diky ...Thanks
Moc dekuju.. Thank you very much .
Prosim.. You are welcome (after the other person says ‚Thank you‘ )
Vazim si toho.. I appreciate it.
Moc to pro me znamena ... This means a lot to me.
Ja taky dekuju .. Thank you too..
 
 
A common phrase spoken by Czech people is ‘Trpelivost ruze prinasi‘ meaning ‘patience will bring roses‘. So , Wait for my next post ; So long so much .
 
( Avtar Mota )



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Based on a work at http:\\autarmota.blogspot.com\.

Friday, January 1, 2021

WELCOME 2021

                                          



WELCOME.. 2021

I wrote these lines for the year 2021..

" Ab Corona na koyi aur  sitamgar hoga ,
  Na koyi khauf kisi ka na koyi dar hoga ,
 Naghme har simt  havaaon mein  bikhar jaayenge,
Zindagi me wohi pehli si khushi paayenge,
Sur to achhe  hi lagenge jo taal achha hai ...
Ek Birahmin ne kaha hai ke ye saal Accha hai..

A very happy and prosperous 2021 to my Facebook Friends.

( Avtar Mota)

Monday, December 28, 2020

COOKS IN A KASHMIRI PANDIT MARRIAGE IN OLDEN DAYS

                                           



( Photo of a Hindu marriage kitchen in Kashmir)
                                     
( Photo of a Muslim marriage kitchen in Kashmir)

 JAGAN  NATH ,  INCHARGE WURA ( MARRIAGE   KITCHEN)

 

In Kashmir , marriages were labour intensive . The marriage halls and the buffet system were nowhere to be seen .The families  had to collect and store  the foodgrains , spices , edible oil , timber ,cooking utensils ,bedding, flooring and anything and everything needed for the marriage . The relations and the neighbours would  send young volunteers who  were the much needed  workers  for the marriage functions essentially feasts  . These workers would also  help in  the collection of major items like bedding and utensils from relations and neighbours . The neighbours would  readily offer accomodation to the guests of the family marrying their son or daughter. Even Muslim neighbours would readily provide all possible help to Pandits  during such events.This help was reciprocated by Pandits .The  young workers  would  willingly  work as waiters on the feast days. They would be available to the family for any work before and after the marriage .Everything was done without any remuneration. It was the practice . So was the culture and  the tradition .

 

During marriage functions,  some trusted acquaintance or a close member of the family would be made incharge of the Wura or the marriage kitchen . The person had to be experienced apart from being firm . Custody and control over  provisions ,vegetables, spices, and edible oil would be entrusted to him. He would sit near the Wura as the cooks arrived . Quite often he would sleep on the Voguv (  hay mat) near the Wura.  He would be  there til the cooking and eating was over. He would ensure proper discipline and order in  the cooking and distribution of food to the  invited guests. He would gossip with the cooks and keep them in good humour to ensure that cooking was done to perfection. The cooks or Wazas would go to him for anything and everything they needed. He would be asked to taste dishes once they were ready. The cooks demanded some money from him as Zang ( a sort of Baksheesh) if everything was perfect.

A long hearth was erected with bricks and mud . This hearth was known as Wura  in Kashmiri. Wura or the huge makeshift Chulha ( hearth) was created in open for large-scale cooking during marriages in the Kashmir valley. Timber ,generally from  the willow trees was burnt in Wura for cooking many dishes simultaneously. Wura or the marriage kitchen  was erected on an auspicious day as per Bikrami calender. The cook would come to erect Wura  using mud and bricks. This cook had to be given' Zang ' comprising of rice, salt, and cash.

 

Cooking was done in big Degchas( brass pots ) that were usually collected from neighbours and relations . Special identification marks of these Degchas were noted in a diary to facilitate return. We would see marks like KN( for Kashi Nath) or MLR ( for Mohan Lal Razdan) or KKK ( Kanwal Krishen Kaul) engraved on the rim of the Degcha. Metal tubs, Kadaais , drums (for storing water) ,Samovars and Dullus  were also collected from neighbours or relations who demonstrated  unprecedented soldarity and support during such functions. Thalis (plates) ,glasses and khasus( bronze tea cups) were available on payment of  nominal  rent .  In Rainawari , we would rent  a boat ( demba naav) for these collections . It meant boating and a great entertainment. This activity would create new friends and newer  bonds amongst the volunteers and workers who would be Mohalla boys and  young relations of the family(  solmenizing the marriage). A spirit of camaraderie was starkly  visible amongst these volunteers and workers.

 

While procuring provisions for the marriage and storing them, every  Kashmiri Pandit family would buy three or more bottles of Rum for the cooks. This was done  through friends or acquaintances who had some source or link in CSD outlets .

 

The head cook would always bring three or more assistants for cooking food for the marriage guests .The feasts would have a variety in vegetarian or non vegetarian food . Food was served to guests in a Shamiyana .They were made to sit in rows .Before serving the food , some volunteers would carry water , soap and towels so that guests washed their hands . Therafter plates were laid in all the rows . It was followed by serving the dishes . Rice with some gravy dish was the last item. One could see the wotrkers and volunteers busy inside the Shamiyana carrying dishes and refilling their  serving bowls . On an average 400 to 500 guests were invited . It could be more also

 

I Knew one Jagan Nath  whom I saw in many marriages . He was always assigned the task of looking after the marriage kitchen. These assignments had created his popularity amongst the cooks ( Wazas ) . I have keenly observed Jagan Nath’s role in many marriages .I quote the communication  between Jagan Nath and the head cook that I heard  once in the marriage of a relation .  In our recent past , we lived this culture and communication  . 

 

The head  cook:-

 “ Nath Ji ,  cigerrette aav na  kehn.  Aeiss moklaavav ye krai-paak ta aeiss karav nendri ganta . Rum katie  chhe, tseir guv na .  Kyoothh chhus noon. Yathh thav  zang. “

 (  Jagan Nath Ji  , get some  cigarettes . We will finish this deep  frying  work and take rest for an hour or so. Where is the XXX Rum? We are late . Are the dishes tasty ?Put  some Zang (currency notes ) into  the plate .”

 

Jagan Nath  ( Incharge  Wura) :-

 “  Yim gayi cigerrette .  Chaav me ti akha.  Ye gayi  XXX  Rum. Yin zyada chakh. Vaeni chhuyi kaar aeti.  Baraat iya subhas  saada aath baje. Daftar valen gatchhi tayaar aasun. Akh gilaas thavizi  me  baapat  tal  kun. Noon  ta maza chhukh  zabar . Zang diyi yezman paanai . Ma he gham.“ 

 ( Keep these cigarettes . Light a cigarette for me as well. This is your XXX Rum bottle. Don’t  drink beyond limits . You have to cook  some more dishes .The Baraat will be here at 8.30 in the morning .You have to keep food ready for those Baraatis  who have to attend their offices . Make  a  drink  for me as well and keep it hidden over there .The dishes that I tasted  are well cooked .  The Yajmaan ( family head ) will himself put currency notes in your plate . Why do you  worry ?”

 

Jahgan Nath , the Wura incharge  also had some sleep after gulping the glass of  XXX Rum. I conclude this write up   with some couplets from a Gazal of modern Urdu poet Zubair Rizvi.

 

"Hai dhoop kabhi saaya

shola hai kabhi shabnam,

Lagta hai mujhe tum sa
dil ka to har ikk mausam.

Beete  huve lamhon ki

ḳhushboo hai meray  ghar mein,

Book-rack pe rakkhe hain

yaadon ke kayi  album ......" 

 

( sometime,it feels like sunshine
Sometime like shade ,
sometime i feel it like a fireball,
And sometime it feels like cool dew.
Every season within my heart,
Looks and feels like you only.

The fragrance of time spent ,
lingers in my  house,
And my book shelf is decorated by
Many albums of memories alone .. )

( Avtar Mota)


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CHINAR SHADE by Autarmota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India License.
Based on a work at http:\\autarmota.blogspot.com\.

Sunday, December 20, 2020

PREM NATH DAR : EMINENT URDU WRITER AND BROADCASTER

                                                                                
                                            
(Prem Nath Dar is explaining something to Shastri Ji while Indira Gandhi and artist Som Nath Khosa are listening. The photo was clicked in New Delhi during the painting exhibition of artist Som Nath Khosa.)
                                                   ( Haksar Haveli of Bazar Sita Ram,Delhi )
.
                                                                  ( Prem Nath Dar)
                                                           ( Marriage invitation card of Prem Nath Dar)                                              


(This is a 2-page letter written by Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad to Prem Nath Dar explaining his participation in the special Congress convention held at Tripuri ( MP) in March 1939. As per Bakshi, many personalities attended this convention including Babu Rajinder Prasad, Moraraji Desai, Subash Bose, Gandhi Ji, Nehru  Maulana Azad and many more. Bakshi Sahib describes that much time was wasted in speeches before actual voting. Gandhi Ji wanted Nehru to be elected president but he didn't get the votes. Subash Bose was elected Congress president  in this session.)
                                        

(      Write-ups on Prem Nath Dar published in Aina newspaper edited by Shamim Ahmed Shamim ) 


PREM NATH DAR (1914- 1976)
        
Pem Nath Dar,  Urdu writer and close confidant of  Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah was married to Kumari  Lalita Devi Bhat  (name changed after marriage- Prem Pratima Dar) of Chaurasi Ghanta, Bazaar Sitaram, Delhi. The ancestors of Lalita Ji had migrated out from Kashmir during  Afghan rule.
 
Sita Ram Bazar Delhi was the main settlement of Kashmiri Pandits who moved out during the dark days of Afghan rule in Kashmir. Though they served the  Maharajas and the Nawabs of the United Provinces, Rajasthan, Punjab or Madhya Pradesh, they constructed large Havelis with gardens in  Sita Ram Bazar ( Delhi). Dhars, Atals, Kauls, Mushrans, Hukkus, Haksars, Bhatts, Zutishis, Kallas and Handoos stayed in this locality before shifting to Allahabad, Kanpur, Lahore, Lucknow, Rewa, etc.  Even Kamla Nehru was born as Kamla Atal ( Kaul ) in this locality in the famous Atal House. Her grandfather, Pandit Krishen Lal Kaul Atal, had served the courts of the Maharaja of Rewa, Jaipur and Jodhpur. Dr Jagat Mohini of Rattan Rani Hospital, Sathu Barbar Shah,  Srinagar, also belonged to the Atal family, which had moved to Lahore from Sita Ram Bazar, Delhi. Another prominent building of Bazar Sita Ram was known as ' Swroop Narain Ki Haveli 'and belonged to the Haksar family. This locality was named after Diwan Sita  Ram Zutshi. The Zutshis had a palatial Bungalow in this area apart from Jagir in Ludhiana, Jalandhar and some other places. Diwan  Sita Ram Zutshi's son, Mohan Lal Zutshi, travelled to Europe, Central Asia and other countries during the British Raj.

In 1975, when Sheikh Abdullah signed the accord with the then prime minister of India, Mrs Indira Gandhi, he remembered his old friend. The Sheikh recalled Prem Nath Dar to Srinagar to serve him as his Press and Publicity Advisor. Unfortunately, Prem Nath Dar died suddenly in September 1976 due to a massive heart attack.  As an obituary,   Shamim Ahmed Shamim, a former member of parliament from Srinagar   ( writer and a brilliant journalist ), wrote a memorable write-up "Prem Nath Dar- Mera Yaar" (Prem Nath Dar- My Pal),  in his  Urdu newspaper  "Ainaa" published from Srinagar.

 Prem Nath Dar was  born at Badiyar Bala ,   Srinagar in 1914.  He was born in a locality that had the distinction of being home to many stalwarts in the fields of literature, art, social service and other arenas of public life. Eminent artists like  Shiv Nath Raina, D N Walli,  Mohan Raina, Som Nath Butt and, Bhushan Kaw were from this area. Noted musicians like Omkar Raina( Sitarist), Krishen Langoo( composer ) and Santoor player Tej Raina are from this locality. The noted playwright and broadcaster  Bansi Nirdosh, writer and broadcaster Chaman Lal Hakhoo,  scholar and writer Prof Ratan Lal Shant, community leader Pandit H N Jatoo,  poet cum scholar Padma-shri Moti Lal Saqi, well-known perfume maker Govindh Joo Navdhara and many more prominent names in all walks of life were born in this locality. Some prominent landmarks in this locality were Lal Ded Memorial School ( now demolished), opened by stalwart poet Dina Nath Nadim, the ancient Ganesh Ji Temple on the bank of the River Jhelum, Saint Bhagwan Gopi Nath Ji's Ashram at Kharyar and Govind Navdhars's famous perfume shop( closed since 1990). Badiyar Bala was the epicentre of the cultural and social life of Kashmiri Pandits before the turmoil of the 1990s.
                                         
                                                         ( Lal Ded School Badiyar Bala)
                                                                   ( Badiyar Bala )
                            (                                          Badiyar Bala Ghat)    
                                                            ( Ganpatyar Temple premises )
                                                                                 
                                             ( Ganesh Ji idol inside Ganpatyar Temple )
                                        (Barbed wire entrance to Ganpatyar Temple after 1990)
                                                 ( A house near Saint Gopinath Ji Ashram)
                                                 ( Inside view of Saint Gopinath Ji Ashram)
                                                   ( Kathleshwar Temple across the river )

                                         ( Govindh Navdhara Shop outside Ganpatyar Temple   )

After completing his education, he joined hands with Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah in his fight against the Maharaja's rule. For this, he joined the National Conference party headed by the Sheikh. After his marriage, he shifted to Delhi and worked for the Statesman and Hindustan Times. He moved from newspapers to AIR and retired as the deputy director general in 1973. In Delhi, he came closer to many literary stalwarts, including Devendra Satyarthi, Josh Malihabadi, Arsh Malsiyani, Jagan Nath Azad, Sagar Nizami, and Rewati Sharan Sharma. He was also associated with the Progressive Writers movement and was closely associated with Ali Sardar Jafri, Syed Sajjad Zaheer, Rajinder Singh Bedi, and Krishen Chander.

 Prem Nath Dar was a prominent writer of Urdu. His Urdu short stories like Kaghaz ka Vasudev, Doodh, Uttarai, Aakh Thoo, Zanshirin, Gidh, Chadawa, Kofta, Neeli Aankhen, Geet Ke Chaar Bol, Paani se Gadha Lahu, Bhoot Pret, Faayada be Faayad Beech Andherey, Zindagi ke Ghoont, Neeli Botal, Dinon ka Pher, Tehalil Nafsee, Ghalat Phehami, etc., became quite popular. These short stories were published in his collections titled  “Kagaz Ka Vasudev”  “, Neeli Aankhen”, " Betaal Lamhe " and "Chinaron ke saaye mein". He also wrote some musical operas and plays.
                                                                                  

His contribution towards creating and developing the Pamposh Colony in Delhi has been immense. The colony was meant to create a single settlement for such Kashmiri families residing in Delhi as had moved out of Kashmir in the early forties of the last century. The colony was given practical shape in the 1950s.

Prem Nath Dar was a great follower of the well-known saint Swami Nand Lal, fondly known as Nand Bub by his disciples. Saint Nand Bub was a roaming Mastaana, who was highly revered and respected in Kashmir. S  Kashmiri Pandits in general and some  Muslims in particular were his ardent followers. Always restless, he exhibited traits of eccentricity. In 2009,  Abdul Hamid Bakshi told me this:-

" My brother Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad Sahib held Nand Bub or Swami Nand Lal Ji in the highest esteem. I, along with some common friends, would visit him. He visited my house once and immediately asked to be taken to Pahalgham. With an Englishman's cap on his head, a tilak on his forehead, a stick in his hand and sunglasses, he sat on the front seat of the car. We must have hardly reached Mattan when he asked to be brought back to Srinagar. On return, he stopped near Sonawar and put some stones on a vacant plot of land and cried loudly ' kaare nek bungalow e khaas aamdani aamdani' ( good job to be performed . Special Bungalow to be built that will give only income ). Avtar Ji, believe me when I say that after some years, we decided to construct Hotel Shangrila on that vacant piece of land. "

Shamim Ahmed Shamim ( MP ) and editor of Aaina newspaper writes this about Prem Nath Dhar:-

“My love, friendship and respect for Prem Nath Dar are independent of his literary, journalistic, political and official stature. I immensely like him as a short story writer and greatly respect his association with the political movement of Kashmir....”-..( Aaina  September 1976)

Due to his profession and his literary activities, Prem Nath Dar made many friends, mention of whom may fill up at least five pages of this book. Any person who met him once was charmed by his sincerity, truthfulness and straightforward nature. He hardly had any foe but scores and scores of friends in print media, in broadcasting, in the artist fraternity, among journalists, among poets and writers. Most of the ‘Progressive’ writers in Urdu and Hindi were his friends. Ali Sardar Jafri, Krishen Chander, Makhdoom Moiuddin, Sahir Ludhianavi, K A Abbas, Sajjad Zaheer, Jagan Nath Azad, Josh Maleehabadi, Arsh Malsiyani, Faiz Ahmed Faiz and many more knew him personally and interacted with him.

From Kashmir, he remained an ardent admirer of poet Dina Nath Nadim who shaped the contours of Modern Kashmiri poetry. Prem Nath Dar was a close friend of writer Prem Nath Pardesi, poet cum broadcaster Mir Ghulam Rasool Nazki, artist Som Nath Khosa, and bureaucrat Mir Nassarullah (IAS).

Som Nath Khosa was a Delhi-based artist known for his exceptional work on Gandhi Ji’s life. His paintings are secured in many museums across the world. It was under Khosa’s guidance that Prem Nath Dar’s daughter learnt art and became a portrait painter. Prem Nath Pardesi was known as Prem Chand of Kashmir in the literary circles of the country. He wrote many books in Urdu and served Radio Kashmir, Srinagar. It may be recalled that Prem Nath Pardesi was the father of Padam-shri Som Nath Sadhu, former director of Radio Kashmir, Leh, who had become a household name as Aagha Saeb of the feature programme Zoona Dab of yesteryears. Mir Ghulam Rasool Nazki was a well-known poet, writer, thinker and broadcaster (Radio Kashmir, Srinagar) from Kashmir. He belonged to a family known for erudition and scholarship. Saint poet Master Zinda Kau,l fondly known as Master Ji, was another person whom he held in the highest esteem. During his visits to Kashmir or during Master Ji’s visits to Delhi, Prem Nath Dar would invariably see the saint-scholar and seek his blessings. Mir Nassarullah (IAS) and former Chief Secretary of J&K, was also a close friend of Prem Nath Dar.

 Prem Nath Dar remained in the good books of  Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri, and Indira Gandhi. He was close to Durga Prasad Dhar, Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad and many more national leaders. 


So long, so much.

( Avtar Mota)

( My special Thanks to  Sh.Jag Prakash Dar son of Shri Prem Nath Dar for the photographs. )



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CHINAR SHADE by Autarmota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India License.
Based on a work at http:\\autarmota.blogspot.com\.

Thursday, December 3, 2020

KOLAM, RANGOLI AND VYOOG.

                                   
                    ( A Deepawali Rangoli  )
( A Vyoog being drawn during the marriage in a Kashmiri Pandit family)
 ( Women drawing Kolam in Tamil Nadu)



KOLAM , RANGOLI AND VYOOG

Kolam or the artistic  patterns created by women in Tamil Nadu with powdered rice  or the  colourful Rangoli of north India  is  similar to the Vyoog drawn by Kahmiri Pandits during marriages and other auspicious events  .  

 

Sanskrit scholar, Dr Ved Kumari Ghai writes this :- 

“  The Nilamata Purana testifies to the existence of the art of  Bumisobha or decoration of the ground with paint . This seems to have been a necessary item of most of the religious and secular functions. Vyoog – a circular pattern drawn on the ground on which a Kashmiri bridegroom has to stand before entering, for his marriage, the house of the bride, is a direct descendant of Bhumisobha mentioned in the Nilamata Purana.”


Kolam in Tamil Nadu , Alpana in West Bengal, Jhoti or Chita in Odisha, Muggulu in Andhra Pradesh,  Aripana  in Bihar  and the colourful Rangoli in the  North India are akin to  the Vyoog of Kashmiri Pandits . All these decorations fall in the category of Bhumisoba .

( Avtar Mota )


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CHINAR SHADE by Autarmota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India License.
Based on a work at http:\\autarmota.blogspot.com\.

Tuesday, December 1, 2020

KATHI DARWAZA OF SRINAGAR, KASHMIR'

                                     
     ( Bachhi Darwaza .New construction..Photo Avtar Mota)
  ( Kathi Darwaza)
     (Hari Parbat fort )
         ( Sangeen Darwaza near Firdous Cinema)
                                      
( Kathi Darwaza)
                                            
      ( Inscription on the top of the Kathi Darwaza)
                                        




INSCRIPTION  ON THE  TOP OF KATHI DARWAZA IN KASHMIR..

Emperor Akbar built a new city below Hari Parbat and constructed a fort on the top of the Hari Parbat hill  ( Koh e Maraan) . Tuzuk I Jahangiri mentions that the fort and the fencing around Hari Parbat was got done as per orders of Emperor Akbar in 1598.  However, some additions , alterations and renovations of the fort were later done during the period of Afghan rule in Kashmir.The new city was fenced ( 5km in circumference) with a high stone wall all around that had three gates ; Kathi Darwaza, Sangeen Darwaza and Bachhi Darwaza . All these entrances were erected with heavy stones.
At page 60 of the book " Kashmir Through Ages " we read this:-

"Akbar brought Raja Todar Mal with him to Kashmir. He fixed his camp at Pattan ,measured the whole land around Hari Parbat and settled the revenue. The labourers who were employed in the construction of the new city were paid at the rate of six Annas a day if  married and four Annas if unmarried. He maintained an army of 4892 cavalry and 92400 infantry. He visited Kashmir three times. "

R. C. Kak writes:

" The Kathi Darwaza seems to have been the principal entrance, judging from the fact that the inscriptions have been put up only here. It is a very simple structure, comprising a domed chamber in the middle with two side-recesses. Its only external decorations are rectangular and arched panels and two beautiful medallions, in high relief, on the spandrels of the arch. Akbar's inscription runs as follows:

Bina-e qila'-e Nagar-Nagar bud
Ba 'ahad-e padshah-e dad-gustar
Sar-e Shahan-i 'alam Shah Akbar
T'ali Shanahu Allah-u Akbar
Shahanshah-e ki dar 'alam misalash
Na bud ast-o na khwahad bud digar
Karor-o dah lakh az makhzan firistad
Du sad ustad Hindi jumla chakar
Na kardah hechkas bigar anja
Tamami yaftand az makhzanash zar
Chil-o char az julusi padshahi
Hazar-o shash zi tarikh-e payambar.
 

Translation: The foundation of the fort of Nagar-Nagar was laid in the reign of the just sovereign, the king of kings, Akbar, unparalleled among the kings of the world, past or future. He sent one crore and ten lakhs (of rupees) from his treasury and two hundred Indian master-builders, all his servants. No one was forced to work without remuneration. All obtained their wages from his treasury. (In the) forty-fourth year after the accession of the Emperor (and) 1006 after the prophet."

In fact there are two inscriptions on the top stones of Kathi Darwaza. The other inscription gives the name of Mir Muhammad Hussain who supervised the entire construction activity ordered by Akbar for this new city known as ' Nagar Naagar '.
The Sangin Darwaza, "the stone gate," differs from Kathi Darwaza in being more ornate. The exterior is decorated by two corbelled windows, and there are two stairs, one on each side, which give access to the roof. The Bachhi Darwaza has been built new as the old entrance had crumbled down.

( Avtar Mota).


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