Friday, May 23, 2025

THE SANATAN PRAYER


                                           



THE SANATAN PRAYER

Every Pooja ,Archana, Aarti or Homa done in a Sanatani  family ends with four lines. These lines define the inclusive and lofty   humanism of  Sanatan Dharma. Dharma in English can be understood as a concept that encompasses both religious and moral duties, as well as the principles of the universe and individual's purpose.

“धर्म की जय हो 
अधर्म का नाश हो 
प्राणियों में सद्भावना हो 
विश्व का कल्याण  हो "

(Dharam ki jai ho
Adharam ka naash ho
Praaniyon mein sadh-bhavana ho
Vishav ka kalyaan ho )

" May the travellers on the  
path of righteousness  become victorious , 
Let all  evildoing  vanish from our world ,
May  all living beings live   in goodwill,
May the  world prosper ! "

WHAT  IS  DHARMA  ?

In the text Manusmriti, dharma has been conceptualised as a creation of 'divine power' established on the idea of religion and spirituality for the execution of 'right duties' in all aspects of human life.Dharma is defined in Manusmriti as something that is based on ten solid foundations .

1. Dhrti (patience)
2. Ks’ama (forgiveness)
3. Dhama (self-control)
4. Asteya (non-stealing)
5. Shaoca (cleanliness)
6. Indriyanigraha (control over Indriyas)
7. Dhii (benevolent intellect)
8. Vidya’ (  knowledge)
9. Satyam (benevolent truthfulness )
10. Akrodha (non-anger)

In essence, "dharma" is a multi-faceted concept that encompasses duty, righteousness, virtue, and the principles of the universe. It's not simply a translation of "religion," but rather a broader principle that guides individual actions and the way the world operates.

In Upanishads, the concept of dharma continues as universal principle of law, order, harmony, and truth. It acts as the regulatory moral principle of the Universe.

If Dharma is attached to any object or relation , that too becomes sacred . It can be  Dharam-shala ,Dharam-patni,Dharam-sthaan, Dharam-kshetra ,Dharam braata, and many more .
The last two lines of this four line prayer reveal the all inclusive concept of Sanatan Dharma. Not only human beings but all the  living creatures (humans, birds, animals and all creatures)  are covered in the broader vision of  Sanatan  Dharma and a prayer is made so that they may live in peace, amity and goodwill. A prayer wishing welfare of the entire  world. Not community specific. Not sect specific .And not caste or colour or religion specific . This prayer is made for all Praanis (living creatures)  on this planet. It is certainly lofty and representing high ideals of humanism. The  Santanis say this prayer  everyday in their homes, temples and gatherings .This prayer is the core message of Vedas, Upanishads ,and Bhagvad Gita .

( Avtar Mota )








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Tuesday, May 20, 2025

DR NAJMA HEPTULLA (Born 1940 ) IN KASHMIR



                                       




DR NAJMA HEPTULLA (Born 1940 ) IN KASHMIR

( Left To Right ...   Abdul Aziz or Aziz Tourist ,  Dr Najma Heptulla  , Mr  Vithal Bhai Patel  MP from Ahemdabad , Bal Kavi Bairagi well known Hindi poet and  MP from Sagar (MP) and a  functionary of Congress party from kashmir  )

( Photo clicked  by Avtar Mota year 1985 )

For the first time  , I came across the word  “Heptullah  ”  in an  Urdu  write up  on actor Shyam  by   Saadat Hasan Manto . Manto  was fascinated and amused with this surname  . Infact he had read it in a newspaper . 

“ What a surname ? ”Manto would often think about  this word . 

In Mumbai , where he worked as script cum story  writer for some  film production houses , he  even   suggested to  director  Kamal Amrohi   to use it  somewhere in  dialogues for  his movie MAHAL ( under production at Bombay Talkies ) .  Manto’s friends  namely  Ashok Kumar , actor Shyam ,Hasrat Ludhianavi  were also amused with this surname. Between close friends of Manto and Shyam, Heptullah, the new word    gained   sufficient popularity .  After the partition  of the country ,when Manto left  permanently   for Lahore  ,  actor Shyam came to see him off.  When Manto was about to depart , he looked towards Shyam and  said :-

 “”HEPTULLAH ”

And Shyam answered :-

 “HEPTULLAH ”

(  This fact  appears  in chapter on actor Shyam  in the  book  “Saadat Hasan Manto – Stars from Another sky - The Bombay Film World of The 1940 -Essays of Manto translated into English by Khalid Hassan Publishers Penguin Books India Pvt . Ltd. )

 I also  became familiar with this surname when I heard about Najma Heptullah . She got this surname after her marriage with  Akbar Ali A. Heptullah  In 1966 ( Died in 2007 ). Akbar Ali Heptullah was one of the founders of Patriot  newspaper ( founded in 1960 )  in India .And in 1985 , I met  Dr  Najma  Heptulla  in person when she visited Kashmir    with  a parliamentary delegation .

I knew one Abdul Aziz popularly known as Aziz Tourist . He had a shop inside  Batmaloo  Bus Adda in Srinagar city  and dealt with our bank. Abdul Aziz ( Aziz Tourist ) had a sweet tongue and  unmatched  dash in his  dealings and approach.   He was a man of helpful nature. Aziz  Tourist had  once  conveyed to me that he had started his life from a scratch and within a short span of time , he had  become an important functionary of  the Congress party in the Kashmir valley .  Congress party’s local unit had  ordered him  to head the  team  that  had to take care of Najma Ji  in Kashmir  . Two  officials from our bank were also attached with Najma Ji. Accordingly , Abdul  Aziz had direct access to Najma  Ji. My access too was  doubly assured  now ; one through  Abdul Aziz and second through the bank. 

During this visit , I found that Najma  Ji was an ace photographer .  She clicked  sunset shots  around Dal Lake . She clicked the Shikaras . She clicked flowers , poplars , Chinars  and at times  common man on the road through her car window. I vividly remember  her  scribbling something on her notebook  or papers while talking to people . Some thought she is noting what they said. Some thought she was rechecking  or redrafting her programme schedule.   And surprisingly ,I saw her writing poetry amidst busy work schedules.  Maybe some photographs / some poems that she clicked /wrote during her stay in Kashmir  also find  space in her book   “MONTAGE OF IMPRESSIONS  ” .  I do not remember.  I also do not remember what she would write  but for  sure she wrote  poetic thoughts  in English .  I do remember  how  a poem titled  “The Silence of Terror ”appearing in  “MONTAGE OF IMPRESSIONS  ”  had touched me. 
                                          
                    ( A poem of Najma Heptullah )

During her Kashmir visit in 1985 ,she carried   a book of Swami Vivekananda  .  The day she arrived , I found the paper  tag  protruding   at about half of the book . She kept reading the pages in between, carrying forward the tag while travelling . She appeared sharp, well informed , widely travelled  and a lover of Kashmir . Immediately on her arrival she declared :-

“Look ! No gifts. No purchases . I need to carry some bulbs of flower plants .I shall select and l buy myself . That is all.”

 “ As you please madam “ said Aziz Tourist . 

I heard her saying :-

“  I am happy and full of energy when I come to this beautiful land . You have all the colours and climates over here . I turn sad on my last day. So enchanting . In fact life makes minimum demands over here.”

    I  also came to know that Najma Ji is the  grand niece of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad  . She has Dawoodi Bohra and Ismaili Shia  ancestry from her parental side . She speaks Marathi and Gujrati fluently .She has been Deputy Chairperson of Rajya Sabha and a minister in the Central Goverment. She has been Governor of Manipur ( 2019-2021) .She has personally known  Sai Baba  of Puttaparthi  and visited his Ashram  several times . Najma Ji had very close relations with Mrs Indira Gandhi. She informs :-

" During the Janta party rule,after her release , Mrs  Gandhi  would come to Mumbai as ordinary citizen. Everytime she visited Mumbai, I made sure she didn't stay anywhere else but my home. So, I would fetch her from the airport and cook for her. Often, I used to make Gujrati dishes like Kadhi and khichri for her , which she loved." 
                                      
                    ( Governor Manipur )
          ( With her friend Sushma Swaraj ) 
     
She is a  postgraduate in zoology and a doctorate in anatomy  ( completed when she was 22 years old ) from University of Denver . Apart from poetry , she has also authored following books :-

1 AIDS : Approaches to Prevention, 1996.
2 Human Social Security and Sustainable Development, 1995.
3 Environmental Protection in Developing Countries, 1993.
4 Reforms for Women : Future Options, 1992.
5 Indo-West Asian Relations - The Nehru Era, 1992.
                                           

After being elected president of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) in 1999, Najma Heptulla rang up the then Congress chief Sonia Gandhi from Berlin to convey the news but had to hold the phone line for an hour as she was told  "Madam is busy". And Sonia Gandhi never attended the call. Najma Ji left the Congress  party and joined  BJP .  She mentions this incident in her autobiography "In Pursuit of Democracy: Beyond Party Lines".
                                         



More on Najma Ji next time. So long so much .


( Avtar Mota  )







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Saturday, May 17, 2025

NARINDER SAFAYA( 1952-2025)

                                       

                                                                        ( Baithak )
                                                                           ( Baithak )


NARINDER SAFAYA( 1952-2025) 


I am pained to know that Safaya Ji is no more. I knew he was unwell. I met him in 2024 in Delhi. He was on dialysis but looked normal and was planning a visit to Kashmir even at the cost of his health. To see peace and normalcy returning to Kashmir remained his mission till he breathed his last. He had other health issues as well. He was a poet and a successful advocate at the Supreme Court of India.

Together with some more friends, he started the BAITHAK, a space to build bridges. I was also associated with it. During these Baithaks, I saw the man closely. He was sincere, passionate, and with a profound desire to bridge the gap between Kashmiris in his own way. Never ever did he nurture any malice or ill will against any person at any point in time. He involved every person he knew in this mission. And in this task, he had started focusing on youth, quite often visiting Jammu and Srinagar, spending money from his own pocket.

When I received the SaMaPa Award, he came to see me. He looked tired as he had done dialysis that day. I was moved by this gesture. 
                                                                   












Once he told me, "I am putting planks to allow people to cross the river and see each other, but some fools are still engaged in demolishing bridges ." He told me that he felt deeply hurt by the disinformation being spread by some so-called intellectuals against the Kashmiri Pandit community and their icons like Lal Ded, Arinmal, Kalhan and many more. He felt a strange helplessness at it. Nevertheless, he remained steadfast on his path and mission till his last day. Such noble souls are rare. May his pious soul attain Sadgati and Moksha.

( Avtar Mota ) 


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Wednesday, May 14, 2025

ISN'T GAZAL AN INADEQUATE FORMAT FOR POETIC OUTPOURINGS OF A FREE MIND?

                                          

                         ( Poet Akhtar ul Iman

ISN'T  GAZAL AN INADEQUATE FORMAT FOR POETIC  OUTPOURINGS  OF A FREE MIND? 

"Ba qadr e shauq nahin zarf e tanganae Gazal
kuchh aur chaahiye vussat meray bayaan ke liye"

(Ghalib)

(In proportion to my fancy,the tight alleys of a Gazal are too narrow,
I need something more spacious for my expression.)

Once a  Matla or opening two lines have been written, the poet  has set the thematic and lyrical foundation for the Gazal and he has no choice but to express in the length, rhyme and meter set by Matla .  As a line provides only a short space for the expression of a poetic idea ,detailed and drawn out comparisons, in the manner of Homeric similes or Epic similes  are impossible in Gazal format. Matla is a poetic term used primarily in Persian literature to describe a couplet where the first line sets the rhyme scheme for the entire poem. 

Modern Urdu poets like Noon Meem Rashid, Akhtar ul Iman, Fahmida Riaz  and many more were not comfortable with Gazal format . Urdu poet  Josh Malihabadi also expressed limitations of  Gazal format for poetry . Even Miraji was not comfortable with Gazal format. Miraji wrote more than 360 Nazms and Geets but only about 16 Gazals.

Akhtar ul Iman never used Gazal format .He  felt that the  Gazal format  does not permit expression of original ideas and concept .He also believed that Ghalib had put an end to Gazal writing. He had brought it to its Zenith. I haven't come across any Gazal written by Akhtar ul Iman.

( Avtar Mota )



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MARKAZ KI CHAAL..

                                        




MARKAZ KI CHAAL..

Once we had no snow fall in Kashmir.It was probably 1979 or 1980 . Even in  January , we had sunny days. Kashmiris   said it was  "Markaz Ki Chaal"  (a  ploy by Central Government ) . Everything unusual in Kashmir was construed as "Markaz Ki Chaal". Even educated Kashmiris  remained silent on these funny and laughable  statements .And when a  local leader  said in Jogilanker Chowk( Rainawari ) gossip shop  that Markaz (Central Government) had used "Special Gas"   to  drive away clouds from  the sky to deprive Kashmiris of a snowfall. I wrote a poem. Some lines for you :-

"Ab ke baras yuun sardi aayi
Na baarish na baraf hi laayi
Izzat aabroo teen sau sattar 
Bacha booda ya ho qalandhar
Sab ka  bura hai  haal
Maagh  mein June sanbhaal
.............Yeh markaz ki Chaal"

( Avtar Mota)


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Tuesday, May 13, 2025

THE KILLERS AND THE. SILENT COLLABORATORS MUST KNOW

                                        
                                    
THE KILLERS AND THE. SILENT COLLABORATORS  MUST KNOW ..

(Photo Rashtra-Kavi ..Ramdhari Singh Dinkar ) 

“Samar shesh hai, nahi paap ka bhagi keval vyaghra,
 Jo tatasth hain, samay likhega unka bhi apraadh.”  .............Ramdhari Singh Dinkar

(The battle is still on, not only the jungle tiger shares the sin,
Those who are neutral, time will write their crime too.)

 

( Avtar Mota )


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Friday, May 2, 2025

THE GREEDY BROKERS AND THE SHADY BUYERS

                                    
                                                     ( A deserted Kashmiri Pandit house in the  Kashmir valley) 

THE GREEDY BROKERS  AND  THE  SHADY BUYERS 

I am aware of many persons who bought immovable property of Kashmiri Pandits for peanuts.. A property worth 80 Lakhs in Rawalpora Housing Colony was bought for 12.50 Lakhs. A property worth 40 Lakhs in Indira Nagar was bought for 3.50 Lakhs. Old residential houses in Srinagar city were bought for anything between fifty thousand to two Lakhs. Shops, agricultural land and orchards owned by Kashmiri Pandits met a similar fate.Leave aside large-scale encroachments and unauthorised occupations. These are altogether different painful stories. 

I know how, after 1990, many greedy brokers swarmed into  Jammu  (camps and residential areas ) and other cities of the country in scorching heat, tracing the Pandit owners of the property in the Kashmir valley and forcing them to sign a "Power of Attorney " to sell their property for peanuts. I saw these greedy brokers using fear, panic, coercion, pressure, intimidation or what is known as  *Saam, Daam Dhand and Bhed skillfully to trap hapless victims who needed money badly to survive in alien lands after being thrown out of their homes and hearths. 

I am privy to the trapping of many innocents in these cruel and criminal sales by the greedy brokers who tied the property owners  with petty advance amounts till they found a buyer. It was cruel. It was pathetic. It was unjust. It was sheer deceit.

Mysterious fires, removal of doors/ windows, removal of sanitary fittings and many other methods were employed by these criminals masquerading as property brokers to convince innocent owners that there was no buyer for the house they left behind, given its prevailing conditions. Babademb area in Srinagar city  became hub for the sale of the old wooden frames, doors, windows ,wooden furniture and other stuff looted from vacant houses of Kashmiri Pandits . Some carpentry shops opened in this area for remodeling this looted frames, doors, windows  and furniture for prospective buyers.

Unfortunately, some of these greedy brokers and shady buyers are currently active on social media, giving loud sermons on moral values, peace, humanism, and justice. They also speak about Baichaara( brotherhood ) and Kashmiriyat.

(Avtar Mota )

PS

*The phrase "Saam Daam Dand Bhed" is a strategic concept from ancient Indian texts.  Each of the four words represents a different approach for achieving a goal and completing a mission.

Saam : It involves using clever dialogue, negotiation, and apparently friendly discussions to win over someone.

Daam :  It refers to using money, incentives, or gifts to influence someone’s decision.

Dhand : It involves using force, threats, or punitive measures to achieve compliance or achieve your goal.

Bhed : It involves using strategies to create suspicions, uncertainties, doubts or divisions in the mind to achieve the goal.






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